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When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the
world it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them __1__
have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most __2__
obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__
the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some
other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within __4__
minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, __5__
compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to
fend for them. __6__
It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally
dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all __7__
other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
biologists now suggest that language be “ species specific” to the human race, __8__
that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in __9__
such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just __10__
as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
well-formed human beings.
参考答案及解析:
1 在any infant 中间加other
在比较一物与他物,一人与他人的异同时,必须从比较对象中排除该物或该人.
2 将have改为has
该谓语动词的主语为neither,所以要使用单数形式.
3 将pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit
这里要表达的是 “引起注意”.
4 将on改为to
get/ rise/ spring to one’s feet 作 “起身,站起来”将.
5 in risk 改为 in danger 或者 at risk
6 将them 改为themselves
根据上下文,我们可以看出,这里需要一个代词来作 fend for 的宾语.
7 删除定冠词the
8 将be 改为is
在这里suggest 作 “认为,提出看法,暗示说”讲,不作 “建议”讲, 因此,不可使用虚拟语气.
9 讲genetic改为genetically
这里副词genetically 修饰过去分词programmed.
10 在such way 中间加入a
名词way为可数名词单数,因此前面要使用不定冠词.
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